After the Buddha attained enlightenment in Bodh Gaya he came to Sarnath. Here in the Deer Park, he delivered his first sermon, or in religious language, set in motion the Wheel of Law (Maha-Dharmachakra Pravartan.). On the day before his death Buddha included Sarnath along with Lumbini, Bodh Gaya and Kushinagar as the four places he thought to be sacred to his followers.
The Emperor Ashoka, who spread Lord Buddha’s message of love and compassion throughout his vast empire, visited Sarnath around 234 BC, and erected a stupa here. Several Buddhist structures were raised at Sarnath between the 3rd century BC and the 11th century AD, and today it presents the most expansive ruins amongst places on the Buddhist trail. Sarnath is 10 km from the holy city of Varanasi, and is an exceedingly tranquil place. The ruins, the museum and temple are all within walking distance.
Area: 2.80 sq. km.
Altitude: 80.71 (1991 census)
Season: October-March
Clothing: Summer - Cottons; Winter - Woolens
Language: Hindi and English
Festivals : Buddha Purnima (Full Moon, April-May), Anniversary of First Sermon (Full Moon, July-August)
Local Transport : Buses/Cycle-Rickshaws/Taxis
STD Code: 0542
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